Danyen taki na farko bai kai daidai da taki ba.Organic taki yana nufin bambaro, cake, dabba da taki na kaji, naman kaza da sauran takin da aka sarrafa ta hanyar ruɓewa.Takin dabbobi kawai danyen abu ne don samar da takin zamani, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan ƙarshen duk albarkatun ƙasa.
Komai jika da rigar taki na kaji, marasa datti suna da sauƙi don haifar da kayan lambu masu ciyayi, gonakin gonaki da sauran albarkatun kuɗi da ke lalata bala'i, ga manoma sun haifar da asarar tattalin arziƙi mai yawa.Da farko mu fahimci illar takin kajin da ba a yi masa magani ba, daga karshe kuma mu ce me ya sa muke ganin danyen taki ya fi sauran taki na dabba.Ingantacciyar ƙarfi?
Bala'i takwas da ke iya haifar da sauƙi daga amfani da takin kaji a cikin kayan lambu da gonakin lambu:
Tushen ƙonawa, konewar tsire-tsire, bishiyar shan taba, matattu iri
Bayan yin amfani da taki na kaji wanda ba a cika sosai ba, saka hannu a cikin ƙasa kuma jin zafin ƙasa ya fi girma.Fim mai mahimmanci ko cike da matattu, lokacin da asarar kuɗin aiki da zuba jari na seedling.
Musamman a cikin hunturu da bazara aikace-aikacen lafiyar taki na kaji shine mafi girma, saboda a wannan lokacin yawan zafin jiki a cikin zubar, fermentation na kaza zai haifar da zafi mai yawa, wanda zai haifar da ƙonewar tushen sabon abu;
Salinization na ƙasa a cikin zubar, rage yawan 'ya'yan itace
Shekaru na yin amfani da taki kaji, ƙasa ta bar babban adadin sodium chloride salts, matsakaiciyar 6 square taki taki gishiri abun ciki na 30-40 kg, da 10 kilogiram na gishiri a kowace acre yana da tsanani ƙuntata ƙasa permeability da aiki, curing phosphorus taki. , potassium taki, alli da tutiya baƙin ƙarfe boron manganese da sauran muhimman abubuwa, shuka girma m, flower buds, 'ya'yan itace ba bude da sauran samar da rage sabon abu, muhimmanci ƙuntata amfanin gona amfanin gona da kuma ingancin inganta.
Sakamakon haka, yawan amfani da taki ya ragu, kasa da shekara guda, ya karu farashin shigarwa 50-100%;
Acidification na ƙasa, jawo daban-daban tushen cututtuka da hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri cututtuka
Saboda pH na taki na kaji yana da kusan 4, yana da acidic, ƙasa mai acidic, yana haifar da raunin sinadarai da mummunar lalacewa ga tushe da tushen tushen, ga takin kajin yana dauke da adadi mai yawa na ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙasa. ƙwayoyin cuta suna ba da damar shiga da kamuwa da cuta, a cikin zafi da zafin jiki da zarar an kai za su fita daga cutar.
Yin amfani da fermentation ba cikakke taki kaza ba ne, mai sauqi don haifar da shuka shuka, rawaya, shrinkage ba shi da tsayi, fig, har ma da mutuwa;
Kiwo tushen kullin nematodes
Taki kaji wani gado ne da zafi na tushen kullin nematodes, adadin nasu yana ɗauke da tushen kullin nematode a kowace gram 1000, taki nematode qwai suna da sauƙin ƙyanƙyashe, cikin dare ya ninka dubunnan dubunnan, abin da ya faru na nematodes a cikin ƙasa ƙasar da taki kaji ya ƙaru fiye da sau 500.
Tushen kankana mai ɗaci ƙulli nematodes
Nematodes suna da matukar damuwa ga sinadarai, kuma bayan gwamnati nematodes suna motsawa cikin sauri zuwa zurfin 50 cm -1.5 a karkashin kasa don tserewa, don haka yana da wahala a warke su.Musamman ma fiye da shekaru 3 zubarwa, tushen kullin nematodes na ɗaya daga cikin ɓoyayyun hatsarori.
Kawo maganin rigakafi, yana shafar amincin kayayyakin aikin gona
Tsarin kiwon kaji, ciyar da kasar Sin yana dauke da kwayoyin hormones da yawa, rigakafin cututtuka da magani kuma za a yi amfani da maganin rigakafi, za a shigar da wadannan a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar taki kaza, wanda zai shafi lafiyar kayan aikin gona.
Samar da iskar gas mai cutarwa, hayaki bishiyoyi, mutu
Samar da iskar gas mai cutarwa, bishiyoyi masu kyafaffen, matattun slugs: taki na kaji a cikin tsarin bazuwar don samar da methane, ammonia da sauran iskar gas masu cutarwa, don haka ƙasa da amfanin gona suna haifar da lalacewar acid da lalacewar tushen, mafi mahimmanci shine samar da iskar ethylene da ke hana tushen girma, kuma shine babban dalilin kona tushen.
Shekaru na yin amfani da taki na kaza, yana haifar da rashin iskar oxygen a cikin tushen tsarin
Shekaru na amfani da taki kaji, sakamakon tushen tsarin rashin iskar oxygen, girma mara kyau, takin kaji da aka jefa a cikin ƙasa, a cikin tsarin bazuwar don cinye iskar oxygen a cikin ƙasa, ta yadda ƙasa na ɗan lokaci a cikin yanayin hypoxia, zai yi amfanin gona. girma hana.
Karfe masu nauyi sun wuce misali
Karafa masu nauyi sun wuce ma'auni: taki na kaji yana dauke da adadi mai yawa na jan karfe, mercury, chromium, cadmium, gubar, arsenic da sauran karafa masu nauyi, akwai sauran ragowar hormone, wanda ya haifar da karafa masu nauyi a cikin kayayyakin aikin gona ya wuce misali, gurbatar tushen ruwan karkashin kasa. da ƙasa, kwayoyin halitta zuwa humus na dogon lokaci, asarar abinci mai gina jiki yana da tsanani.
Me yasa yake da karfi da taki kaza?
Wannan shi ne saboda abubuwa na duburar kaji, fitsari tare, don haka taki na kaji yana dauke da kashi 25.5% na kwayoyin halitta, yana dauke da fiye da kashi 60% na kwayoyin halitta a cikin nau'i na uric acid, uric acid bazuwar bayan samar da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan nitrogen. Yin amfani da fam dubu na taki kaji daidai da aikace-aikacen 153 fam na urea, saman ya dubi tsayin dabi'a da amfanin gona mai ƙarfi.Idan wannan ya faru a kan eggplant ko 'ya'yan itace inabi, mai tsanani physiological cututtuka na iya faruwa.
Mafi yawa saboda nitrogen da alama abubuwa na antagonism, urea donots da yawa, zai haifar da iri-iri na alama abubuwa toshe sha, da samar da rawaya ganye, cibiya rot, fashe 'ya'yan itace, kajin kambi da sauransu.
Mun ga taki kaji ba rubewa takwas illa, kwatanta, dubi gonar lambun ku ko lambun kayan lambu, babu sau da yawa kona seedlings ruɓaɓɓen tushen mataccen itace, taki ba kasa, yawan amfanin ƙasa da inganci ba ya tashi, har ma da dogon rabi. na matattu, kullin ƙasa, stoics mai nauyi da sauransu akan mummunan yanayi.Ana bukatar taki kaji a yi taki kuma ba tare da lahani ba a shafa a kasa!
Ma'ana da inganci amfani da taki kaji
Taki kaji shine danyen taki mai kyau mai kyau, mai arziki a cikin taki mai tsafta kusan 1.63%, phosphorus (P2O5) kusan 1.54%, potassium (K2O) kusan 0.085%, ana iya sarrafa shi da kayan aikin samar da taki na ƙwararru a cikin taki, bayan kaji taki Organic taki samar da layin fermentation tsari, cutarwa kwari da sako iri tare da zafin jiki tashi da fall, za a shafe.Layin samar da taki na taki na kaji ya haɗa da: fermentation, murkushewa, haɗakar da sinadarai, granulation, bushewa, sanyin nunawa, metering sealing, ƙãre samfurin ajiya.
Tsarin tsarin samar da taki na halitta
Tsarin samar da taki
Na farko, da albarkatun kasa domin gina hudu fermentation tankuna, kowane 40m tsawo, 3m fadi, 1.2m zurfi, na kowa yanki na 700m 2;
Na biyu, yankin albarkatun kasa yana buƙatar siyan layin dogo mai sauƙi 320m;
Na uku, yankin ƙasar da ake samarwa 1400m 2;
Na hudu, yankin albarkatun kasa yana buƙatar amfani da ma'aikatan samarwa 3 mutane, yankin samarwa yana buƙatar amfani da mutane 20;
Na biyar, yankin albarkatun kasa yana buƙatar siyan tan uku na forkliftone ɗaya.
Gabatarwa ga babban kayan aiki na kaji taki Organic taki samar line
1, kaji taki Organic taki pre-fermentation kayan aiki: Ramin-type dumper, waƙa-type dumper, kai mai tafiya dumper, sarkar jirgin-type dumper
2, kaji taki Organic taki shredder kayan aiki: Semi-rigar abu shredder, sarkar shredder, a tsaye shredder
3, kaji taki Organic taki mahautsini kayan aiki: kwance mahautsini, Disc mahautsini
4, kaji taki Organic taki sieve inji kayan aiki: nadi sieve inji, vibration sieve tsawo
5, kaji taki Organic taki granulation inji kayan aiki: zuga hakora granulation inji, Disc granulation inji, extrusion granulation inji, drum granulation inji, zagaye na'ura
6, kaji taki Organic taki bushewa kayan aiki: tumble bushewa
7, kaji taki Organic taki sanyaya inji kayan aiki: Rotary sanyaya inji
8, kaji taki Organic taki goyon bayan kayan aiki: adadi mai yawa ciyar inji, alade dewatering inji, kunsa inji, kura remover, atomatik adadi marufi inji
9, kaji taki Organic taki isar kayan aiki: bel conveyor, guga lifter.
Gabaɗaya ƙirar tsarin samar da taki ya haɗa da:
1, ingantaccen nau'in fili da fasahar fadada ta;
2, ci-gaba da albarkatun smelting fasaha da biofermentation tsarin;
3, mafi kyawun fasahar dabarar taki na musamman (zai iya zama mai sassauƙa bisa ga ƙasa na gida da halayen amfanin gona, mafi kyawun haɗin ƙirar samfur);
4, m na biyu gurbatawa (share gas da wari) sarrafa fasaha;
5, taki cikakken tsarin ƙirar fasaha da fasahar kere kere.
Hakuri wajen samar da takin zamani don takin kaji:
Fineness na albarkatun kasa:
Daidaitaccen daidaitaccen daidaitaccen kayan da aka yi da kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci ga tsarin samar da taki.A cewar gwaninta, fineness na dukan albarkatun kasa ya kamata a dace da wadannan: 100-60 manufa albarkatun kasa game da 30% -40%, 60 ido zuwa diamita 1.00mm albarkatun kasa gungumen azaba game da 35%, diamita 1.00-2.00mm kananan 1.00-2.00mm. barbashi game da 25% -30%, mafi girma da fineness na abu, mafi kyau danko, mafi girma da gama na barbashi surface bayan granulation.Duk da haka, a cikin samar da tsari, da yin amfani da wani super-proportion na high-madaidaicin kayan, sauki bayyana saboda danko da ma mai kyau sakamakon barbashi ma manyan, barbashi irregularities da sauran al'amurran da suka shafi.
Ma'aunin fermentation na taki mai ruɓe (kama ɗan kayan abu, ƙasa da watsawa)
Dole ne a dafa taki sosai kafin a yi amfani da shi, kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin taki na kaji da qwai, ， da ƙwayoyin cuta masu kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar lalata (cocite) da za a kashe su, bayan da ya lalace sosai, takin kaji zai zama babban ingancin tushe taki. domin noman amfanin gona.
1. Rushewa
A lokaci guda tare da waɗannan guda uku masu zuwa, za ku iya yanke hukunci gabaɗaya cewa takin kajin an haɗe shi da kyau.
1. M ba zai iya wari;2. Akwai farin mycelium;3. Taki kaji cikin siffa mara kyau.
Lokacin lalata shine gabaɗaya: yanayin yanayi gabaɗaya kusan watanni 3, idan ƙari na wakili na fermentation, wannan tsari zai haɓaka sosai, dangane da yanayin zafin jiki, gabaɗaya yana buƙatar kwanaki 20 zuwa 30, idan yanayin samar da masana'anta 7 zuwa Ana iya kammala kwanaki 10.
2. Danshi
Ka tsara abin da ke cikin damshin kafin takin kajin ya yi fermented.A cikin aiwatar da fermenting Organic taki, yana da matukar muhimmanci a ga ko danshi abun ciki ya dace.Domin masu ruɓewa a ciki ƙwayoyin cuta ne masu rai, idan ya bushe sosai ko rigar sosai zai shafi fermentation na microorganisms, gabaɗaya yakamata a kiyaye shi a 60 zuwa 65%.
Hanyar shari'a: hannun hannu wani abu, alamar ruwa mai yatsa amma ba dripwater ba, za a iya tarwatsa ƙasa kamar yadda ya dace.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-22-2020